{
"cells": [
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"id": "e102548e-834b-4e03-9674-4f21910610b4",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"# JSON-LD\n",
"\n",
"minimales Beispiel mit `rdflib`"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"id": "3c1de3b9-0bf9-4731-9a19-5d869e458adb",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## ohne rdflib"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"id": "d61c9825-b124-46e9-8902-2de71156d70c",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Motivation: Ein Datensatz, bestehend aus (einer Liste von) zwei Records mit anonymen IDs:"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 2,
"id": "3bf90d46-159b-499e-a88d-0b55690e6d5f",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [],
"source": [
"json_string_ohne_ld = \"\"\"[\n",
" {\n",
" \"subject\": \"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7051-6198\",\n",
" \"name\": \"Johannes Busse\",\n",
" \"homepage\": \"http://jbusse.de\"\n",
" },\n",
" {\n",
" \"subject\": \"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-2345-6789\",\n",
" \"names\": [\n",
" \"Maria Mustermann\",\n",
" \"M. Mustermann\"\n",
" ],\n",
" \"homepage\": \"https://example.org\"\n",
" }\n",
"]\n",
"\"\"\""
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 47,
"id": "6dfcd641-7afa-4d20-8991-4b2c9afe49f3",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
"text/plain": [
"[{'subject': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7051-6198',\n",
" 'name': 'Johannes Busse',\n",
" 'homepage': 'http://jbusse.de'},\n",
" {'subject': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-2345-6789',\n",
" 'names': ['Maria Mustermann', 'M. Mustermann'],\n",
" 'homepage': 'https://example.org'}]"
]
},
"execution_count": 47,
"metadata": {},
"output_type": "execute_result"
}
],
"source": [
"import json\n",
"daten = json.loads(json_string_ohne_ld)\n",
"daten"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"id": "22d7cbad-7b3c-4015-add2-223cc22d27e9",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Eigentlich will man aber so etwas haben:"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 55,
"id": "9dc8138e-a194-489b-b587-dd6f3f171739",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
"text/plain": [
"{'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7051-6198': {'name': 'Johannes Busse',\n",
" 'homepage': 'http://jbusse.de'},\n",
" 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-2345-6789': {'names': ['Maria Mustermann',\n",
" 'M. Mustermann'],\n",
" 'homepage': 'https://example.org'}}"
]
},
"execution_count": 55,
"metadata": {},
"output_type": "execute_result"
}
],
"source": [
"daten_gewuenscht = { \n",
" record['subject']: { k: v for k,v in record.items() if not k == 'subject'}\n",
" for record in daten }\n",
"daten_gewuenscht"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"id": "4c0116db-cd78-4d8c-9aa5-a4063d0d9f7b",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## mit rdflib\n",
"\n",
"Motivation: Von 3-Star mach 4-Star mit minimalem Aufwand"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 1,
"id": "bc6b0e29-eb62-42c1-b66a-69e159cae9b8",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [],
"source": [
"import rdflib"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"id": "b87ef760-8e5d-498b-a227-2552e238580e",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Wir vereinfachen und fokussieren auf den ersten Datensatz. In JSON-LD ist `@id` ein Schlüsselwort, definiert das Subject eines Tripels."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 41,
"id": "ca1acb25-2bf9-4792-a82a-46f39981db62",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [],
"source": [
"jsonldstring1 = \"\"\"\n",
"{\n",
" \"@context\": {\n",
" \"name\": \"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name\",\n",
" \"homepage\": \"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/homepage\"\n",
" },\n",
" \"@id\": \"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7051-6198\",\n",
" \"name\": \"Johannes Busse\",\n",
" \"homepage\": \"http://jbusse.de/\"\n",
"}\n",
"\"\"\""
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 57,
"id": "5ad60ef8-3234-437e-8579-9341c4dc5fa5",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [],
"source": [
"#g1_dict = json.loads(jsonldstring1)\n",
"#g1_dict"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 42,
"id": "dceceadf-ae07-4f36-94de-d33bf3a32949",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"@prefix foaf: .\n",
"\n",
" foaf:homepage \"http://jbusse.de/\" ;\n",
" foaf:name \"Johannes Busse\" .\n",
"\n",
"\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"g1 = rdflib.Graph().parse( data=jsonldstring1, format=\"json-ld\" )\n",
"print( g1.serialize() )"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"id": "21836fec-2b65-4cc1-804e-3e6c353ab804",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"noch kompakter: Präfixe in Strings werden aufgelöst"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 43,
"id": "352eb6e5-711a-4097-a993-4c804658a61e",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [],
"source": [
"jsonldstring2 = \"\"\"\n",
"{\n",
" \"@context\": {\n",
" \"name\": \"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name\",\n",
" \"homepage\": \"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/homepage\",\n",
" \"orcid\": \"https://orcid.org/\"\n",
" },\n",
" \"@id\": \"orcid:0000-0002-7051-6198\",\n",
" \"name\": \"Johannes Busse\",\n",
" \"homepage\": \"http://jbusse.de/\"\n",
"}\n",
"\"\"\""
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 44,
"id": "2a189856-ac02-4cd5-b499-d48751f8a0f0",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"@prefix foaf: .\n",
"@prefix orcid: .\n",
"\n",
"orcid:0000-0002-7051-6198 foaf:homepage \"http://jbusse.de/\" ;\n",
" foaf:name \"Johannes Busse\" .\n",
"\n",
"\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"g2 = rdflib.Graph().parse( data=jsonldstring2, format=\"json-ld\" )\n",
"print( g2.serialize() )"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"id": "145dbfea-0608-45f0-afb8-6d70025710e2",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Mit Keyword-Aliasing: mappe `subject` auf `@id`."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 45,
"id": "52d62c27-9d81-4ace-8f8a-874dd70a69e0",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [],
"source": [
"jsonldstring3 = \"\"\"\n",
"{\n",
" \"@context\": {\n",
" \"name\": \"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name\",\n",
" \"homepage\": \"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/homepage\",\n",
" \"orcid\": \"https://orcid.org/\",\n",
" \"subject\": \"@id\"\n",
" },\n",
" \"subject\": \"orcid:0000-0002-7051-6198\",\n",
" \"name\": \"Johannes Busse\",\n",
" \"homepage\": \"http://jbusse.de/\"\n",
"}\n",
"\"\"\""
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 46,
"id": "2c683c51-1824-450b-9fb1-6062bc0b9d9c",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"@prefix foaf: .\n",
"@prefix orcid: .\n",
"\n",
"orcid:0000-0002-7051-6198 foaf:homepage \"http://jbusse.de/\" ;\n",
" foaf:name \"Johannes Busse\" .\n",
"\n",
"\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"g3 = rdflib.Graph().parse( data=jsonldstring3, format=\"json-ld\" )\n",
"print( g3.serialize() )"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 74,
"id": "a0c0aa95-bf49-4f41-bd47-496c3d257a0a",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [],
"source": [
"json_string_mit_ld = \"\"\"{\n",
" \"@context\": {\n",
" \"name\": \"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name\",\n",
" \"homepage\": \"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/homepage\",\n",
" \"orcid\": \"https://orcid.org/\",\n",
" \"subject\": \"@id\"\n",
" },\n",
" \"@graph\": [\n",
" \n",
" {\n",
" \"subject\": \"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7051-6198\",\n",
" \"name\": \"Johannes Busse\",\n",
" \"homepage\": \"http://jbusse.de\"\n",
" },\n",
" {\n",
" \"subject\": \"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-2345-6789\",\n",
" \"name\": [\n",
" \"Maria Mustermann\",\n",
" \"M. Mustermann\"\n",
" ],\n",
" \"homepage\": \"https://example.org\"\n",
" }\n",
" ]\n",
"}\n",
"\"\"\""
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 75,
"id": "ae5e436a-870a-42ca-b061-aba583f55a4e",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"@prefix foaf: .\n",
"@prefix orcid: .\n",
"\n",
"orcid:0000-0001-2345-6789 foaf:homepage \"https://example.org\" ;\n",
" foaf:name \"M. Mustermann\",\n",
" \"Maria Mustermann\" .\n",
"\n",
"orcid:0000-0002-7051-6198 foaf:homepage \"http://jbusse.de\" ;\n",
" foaf:name \"Johannes Busse\" .\n",
"\n",
"\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"g4 = rdflib.Graph().parse( data=json_string_mit_ld, format=\"json-ld\" )\n",
"print( g4.serialize() )"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": null,
"id": "df13989e-86b3-42ac-a5ae-31f715b06a03",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [],
"source": []
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": null,
"id": "ae073098-3edd-412d-87f1-1a8d86c2aeb3",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [],
"source": []
}
],
"metadata": {
"kernelspec": {
"display_name": "Python 3 (ipykernel)",
"language": "python",
"name": "python3"
},
"language_info": {
"codemirror_mode": {
"name": "ipython",
"version": 3
},
"file_extension": ".py",
"mimetype": "text/x-python",
"name": "python",
"nbconvert_exporter": "python",
"pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
"version": "3.13.5"
}
},
"nbformat": 4,
"nbformat_minor": 5
}